能引起气道滑润肌舒张:KATP通道开放剂对气道滑润肌细胞增殖表达及SOCS3/5免疫失衡的影响

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中国当代医药
2019年12月04日 00:59

邓伊++王志强

[摘要] 意图 研讨ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP通道)敞开剂对气道滑润肌细胞(ASMCs)增殖进程的影响,以及细胞因子信号转导按捺蛋白3/5(SOCS3/5)表达改变与转化成长因子-β1(TGF-β1)排泄开释水平的联系。 办法 体外构建增殖型ASMCs原代培育细胞模型,分为ASMCs组、AngⅡ·ASMCs组、淋巴细胞(L)组、ASMCs+L组和AngⅡ·ASMCs+L组。Real-time PCR检测细胞中SOCS3 mRNA及SOCS5 mRNA表达的差异;ELISA法检测上清液中TGF-β1的开释水平。调查KATP通道敞开剂尼可地尔(NCR)干涉的影响。 成果 与ASMCs组比较,AngⅡ·ASMCs组TGF-β1的表达水平显着升高(P<0.01);NCR效果于细胞后各组ASMCs表达TGF-β1与格列本脲(GLI)比较显着削减(P<0.05)。与ASMCs+L组比较,AngⅡ·ASMCs+L组SOCS3 mRNA表达添加,而SOCS5 mRNA表达削减(P<0.05)。NCR可以下调SOCS3的表达,上调SOCS5的表达。 定论 KATP通道敞开可以经过按捺ASMCs增殖而调控TGF-β1排泄表达;SOCS3和SOCS5可能是哮喘气道重塑的特异性免疫医治中的重要靶点。

[关键词] KATP通道敞开剂;气道滑润肌细胞;细胞因子信号转导按捺因子;哮喘

[中图分类号] R965 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2014)10(b)-0004-04

细胞因子信号转导按捺因子(suppressor of cytokine signaling,SOCS)是近年来新发现的一类负向调理因子[1],参加多种细胞因子信号转导进程,其间SOCS3和SOCS5作为SOCS宗族的重要成员,可能与哮喘等免疫性疾病的发作、开展有关,并有望成为这类疾病的医治靶点。有研讨阐明[2],ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP通道)敞开剂对哮喘的气道重塑可以发生有利的效果,其机制没有见体系性的研讨报导。本研讨利用在体外原代培育的哮喘大鼠气道滑润肌细胞(airway smooth muscle cells,ASMCs),树立增殖型ASMCs模型,探究KATP通道敞开剂的效果是否与反转气道滑润肌细胞增殖有关,以及对SOCS3/5免疫失衡的影响,为医治哮喘等免疫失衡疾病树立新的办法供给理论基础。

1 材料与办法

1.1 试验材料

淋巴细胞别离液,购自碧云天;辣根过氧化物酶(horseradish peroxidase,HRP)符号羊抗兔二抗,购自武汉博士德生物工程有限公司;α-肌动蛋白(α-SMA)单抗,购自Boster;SOCS3/5引物,上海生工;大鼠转化成长因子-β1(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β1)ELISA试剂盒,购自伊莱瑞特生物科技有限公司;高糖DMEM培育基,购自美国Gbico BRL公司;地塞米松(dexamethasone,DEX)打针液,浙江仙据制药股份有限公司;尼可地尔(nicorandil,NCR),日本Tohoku Nipro医药公司;血管严峻素Ⅱ(angiotensin Ⅱ,AngⅡ)、Ⅰ型胶原酶(collagenaseⅠ)、格列本脲(glibenclamide,GLI)均购自Sigma公司。

1.2 试验办法

1.2.1 细胞培育及判定 雄性SD大鼠,SPF级,年纪21~36 d,体重100~140 g,由三峡大学试验动物中心供给。办法参阅相关文献进行改善[3]。以10%的水合氯醛(0.4 ml/100 g)腹腔打针麻醉大鼠,放入超净台中,开胸取出气管,刮去外膜内膜,D-Hank′s液洗净,剪碎、消化后,用20%胎牛血清的高糖DMEM培育基,5%CO2培育箱中37℃静置培育1周左右,可见细胞从安排块周围爬出。试验用3~6代细胞,免疫细胞化学染色判定滑润肌细胞上特有的α-SMA。

1.2.2 AngⅡ诱导ASMCs的增殖与表达 AngⅡ(100 nmol/L)处理ASMCs,接连效果3 d,24 h换一次液;Western blotting检测α-SMA,鉴定AngⅡ对ASMCs增殖诱导效果;上清中TGF-β1排泄表达用ELISA检测(按阐明书操作),分为ASMCs组和AngⅡ·ASMCs组。

1.2.3 AngⅡ·ASMCs与淋巴细胞共培育 以AngⅡ处理ASMCs后,D-Hank′s液洗3遍,消化重悬,以1×106 cell/L铺于6孔板中,待细胞贴壁成长24 h,参加提取的2 ml T淋巴细胞(1×105 cell/L),效果36 h,分为L组、ASMCs+L组和AngⅡ·ASMCs+L组。

1.2.4 Real-time PCR检测SOCS3和SOCS5在共培育体系中的表达 ①搜集上清中的淋巴细胞,(5~10)×106单个核细胞加Trizol 1 ml,混匀后Trizol法提取总RNA,紫外分光光度法测定RNA含量。②RT-PCR反响体系:RNA 4.0348 μg,Oligo(dT)15(10 μmol/L)2 μl,dNTP(2.5 mmol/L)2 μl,ddH2O(RNAse free)至14.5 μl,70℃ 5 min,时间短离心后置于冰上;以上PCR管悉数14.5 μl,5×RT缓冲液4 μl,HRP(RRI)/RNAse Inhibitor 0.5 μl,M-MLV 1 μl,ddH2O(RNAse free)至20 μl,42℃ 60 min,95℃ 5 min。③Real-time PCR反响体系:β-actin f(10 μmol/L)0.5 μl,β-actin r(10 μmol/L)0.5 μl,dNTP(2.5 mmol/L)2 μl,Ex Taq 0.25 μl,10×Ex Taq E缓冲液2.5 μl,cDNA 1 μl,ddH2O至25 μl,94℃ 4 min,94℃ 30 s,56℃ 30 s,72℃ 25 s,30个循环,72℃ 4 min,4℃ 4 min,引物序列及扩增条件见表1。

表1 Real-time PCR反响的引物序列及扩增条件

1.2.5 KATP通道调理剂处理细胞 NCR(敞开剂)处理ASMCs以及共培育组细胞,并以DEX(医治药)和GLI(拮抗剂)别离作为阳性对照和阴性对照。加药后细胞培育36 h,每12小时换一次液。Real-time PCR检测SOCS3和SOCS5的表达差异;上清中TGF-β1排泄表达用ELISA检测。

1.3 统计学处理

选用SPSS 13.0统计学软件进行数据剖析,计量材料以x±s表明,选用t查验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学含义。

2 成果

2.1 AngⅡ效果于ASMCs的增殖与表达

2.1.1 Western blotting检测α-SMA的表达 BandScan剖析胶片灰度值剖析后两组α-SMA/β-actin的比较如图1,可见,AngⅡ处理后的ASMCs表达α-SMA水平比未用AngⅡ处理的ASMCs组显着升高,阐明AngⅡ处理ASMCs后可使细胞增殖。

图1 AngⅡ处理前后ASMCs增殖的比较

α-SMA/β-actin代表ASMCs增殖量,与ASMCs组比较,*P<0.01

2.1.2 ELISA法检测上清液中TGF-β1表达的差异 与ASMCs组比较,AngⅡ·ASMCs组TGF-β1的表达水平显着升高(P<0.01)(图2)。

图2 AngⅡ处理ASMCs前后TGF-β1表达的差异

与ASMCs组比较,*P<0.01

2.2 SOCS3和SOCS5 mRNA在共培育体系中的表达

荧光定量PCR成果选用ΔΔCt法核算:意图基因相对表达量=2-ΔΔCt,ΔΔCt=试验组(Ct意图基因-Ct内参基因)-对照组(Ct意图基因-Ct内参基因),所以2-ΔΔCt表明意图基因相对于内参基因的相对表达量。ASMCs与淋巴细胞共培育后,SOCS3 mRNA表达添加,而SOCS5 mRNA表达削减(P<0.05);与ASMCs+L组比较,AngⅡ·ASMCs与淋巴细胞共培育,SOCS3 mRNA表达添加,而SOCS5 mRNA表达削减(P<0.05)(表2)。

表2 SOCS3和SOCS5基因表达相对量2-ΔΔCt值(x±s,n=3)

与L组比较,*P<0.05;与ASMCs+L组比较,#P<0.05

2.3 KATP通道敞开剂效果成果

2.3.1 药物效果后上清中的TGF-β1表达差异 在各组用药后DEX和NCR使ASMCs表达TGF-β1水均匀比用拮抗剂GLI显着削减(P<0.05);而AngⅡ处理ASMCs后排泄表达TGF-β1比ASMCs组显着添加(P<0.01)(表3)。

表3 检测上清中的TGF-β1表达差异(x±s,n=3)

与拮抗剂GLI比较,*P<0.05;与ASMCs组比较,#P<0.01

2.3.2 药物效果后SOCS3和SOCS5表达差异 与拮抗剂GLI比较,DEX和NCR效果与共培育体系可以下调SOCS3 mRNA的表达水平,上调SOCS5 mRNA的表达水平(表4)。

3 评论

支气管哮喘以慢性气道炎症和气道重塑为首要特征,随同发作气道高反响,而气道重塑的机制和医治药物是现在研讨的热门。支气管滑润肌细胞是支气管首要的结构细胞,其反常增殖在气道重塑中起到十分重要的效果[4-5]。气道滑润肌细胞增生的直接成果是形成气道壁的增厚,加剧气道的狭隘,发气愤道高反响性,形成呼吸道气流受限,与哮喘严峻程度密切相关。因而,有用遏止气道滑润肌细胞过度增殖,是医治难治性哮喘的根本途径之一[6]。缩短型ASMCs无增殖和搬迁才能,对外界影响发生缩短反响,增殖/组成型可以排泄表达多种活性物质,具有增殖、搬迁的才能[7]。本试验选用AngⅡ诱导,在体外树立增殖型ASMCs与淋巴细胞共培育模型,成果显现,ASMCs的增殖可以调理Th1/Th2免疫相关细胞因子信号转导按捺因子的平衡,促进SOCS3的表达而按捺SOCS5的表达,然后使SOCS3/5免疫失衡,表现为SOCS3与炎症反响正相关,而SOCS5则相反。TGF-β1的组成排泄与ASMCs增殖呈正相关,阐明TGF-β1可能参加哮喘ASMCs的增殖进程,在哮喘的发病进程中有重要的效果。TGF-β1与气道损害后的修复进程及气道重塑有密切联系,其在气道中表达增高能影响气道滑润肌细胞ASMCs割裂与增殖,导致滑润肌增生和肥厚及气道重塑,然后加剧哮喘。

钾通道是体内一种重要的离子通道,它广泛散布于各种器官安排的细胞膜,在调理膜电位和兴奋性方面起着重要效果;滑润肌上至罕见三种钾通道:钙激活钾通道(KCa)、迟整流钾通道(Kdr)、KATP。其间,KATP最为重要,当该通道敞开时,发生一系列电化学反响,有用舒张滑润肌、起到降压解痉的效果[8],因而,KATP通道是多种疾病的医治靶点。本试验成果显现,KATP通道敞开剂对ASMCs的增殖有按捺效果,相应地TGF-β1也随之削减,与拮抗剂有显着的差异;一起,又可下调SOCS3 mRNA的表达,上调SOCS5 mRNA的表达,然后反转ASMCs增殖所造成的的SOCS3/5表达失衡,阐明KATP通道敞开剂可以按捺气道滑润肌细胞增殖和排泄。

现在以为[9-12],SOCS经过两条通路按捺信号传导的效果,即JAK激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(JAK/STAT),有丝割裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调理激酶 (MAPK/ERK),可是当时对JAK/STAT通路研讨较多,对MAPK/ERK通路研讨较少。SOCSs经过细胞内JAK-STAT体系信号途径调理细胞信号转导,参加细胞炎性反响、细胞增殖与分解等生物学功用的调理。已有研讨发现,SOCS蛋白对Th细胞的分解具有重要的调控效果[9,13-14],其间SOCS5/3与Th1/Th2免疫失衡密切相关,SOCS3首要表达在Th2细胞中并按捺Th1型免疫反响,SOCS5经过按捺Th2细胞因子信号转导促进Th1细胞分解[15-17]。因而以为KATP敞开剂可以按捺气道滑润肌细胞增殖排泄,并经过调理Th1/Th2免疫因子和SOCS蛋白的免疫平衡发生医治效果,此方面的研讨可望为临床对哮喘的防备和医治供给新的思路。

[参阅文献]

[1] Linossi EM,Babon JJ,Hilton DJ,et al.Suppression of cytokine signaling:the SOCS perspective[J].Cytokine Growth Factor Rev,2013,24(3):241-248.

[2] Wan X,Zhao J,Xie J.Effects of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel on protein kinase C pathway and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation in asthma[J].J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci,2012,32(4):480-484.

[3] 邱晨,李娜.滑润肌细胞培育办法讨论[J].广东医学,2008,29(11):1791-1793.

[4] Damera G,Tliba O,Penattieri RA Jr.Airway smooth muscle as an immunomodulatory cell[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2009,22(5):353-359.

[5] Prakash YS.Airway smooth muscle in airway reactivity and remodeling:what have we learned[J]Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol,2013,305(12):L912-933.

[6] Xia YC,Redhu NS,Moir LM,et al.Pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions of airway smooth muscle:emerging concepts[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2013,26(1):64-74.

[7] Hirota JA,Nguyen TT,Schaafsma D,et al.Airway smooth muscle in asthma:phenotye plasticity and fanction[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2009,22(5),370-378.

[8] Malerba M,Radaeli A,Mancuso S,et al.The potential therapeutic role of potassium channel modulators in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J].J Biol Regul Homeost Agents,2010,24(2):123-130.

[9] Yoshimura A,Suzuki M,Sakaguchi R,et al.SOCS,Inflammation,and Autoimmunity[J].Front Immunol,2012,3:20.

[10] Babon JJ,Kershaw NJ,Murphy JM,et al.Suppression of cytokine signaling by SOCS3:characterization of the mode of inhibition and the basis of its specificity[J].Immunity,2012,36(2):239-250.

[11] Kolesnik TB,Nicholson SE.Analysis of Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling (SOCS) gene expression by real-time quantitative PCR[J].Methods Mol Biol,2013,967:235-248.

[12] Babon JJ,Nicola NA.The biology and mechanism of action of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3[J].Growth Factors,2012,30(4):207-219.

[13] Palmer DC,Restifo NP.Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) in T cell differentiation,maturation,and function[J].Trends Immunol,2009,30(12):592-602.

[14] Zhang JG,Nicholson SE.Detection of endogenous SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis [J].Methods Mol Biol,2013,967:249-259.

[15] Daegelmann C,Herberth G,Rder S,et al.Association between suppressors of cytokine signalling,T-helper type 1/T-helper type 2 balance and allergic sensitization in children[J].Clin Exp Allergy,2008,38(3):438-448.

[16] Nakaya M,Hamano S,Kawasumi M,et al.Aberrant IL-4 production by SOCS3-over-expressing T cells during infection with Leishmania major exacerbates disease manifestations[J].Int Immunol,2011,23(3):195-202.

[17] Tang JF,Guan SH,Wang ZG.Roles of interleukin-10 differentiated dendritic cell of allergic asthma patients in T-lymphocyte proliferation in vitro[J].Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi,2012,92(40):2851-2854.

(收稿日期;2014-06-05 本文修改:郭静娟)

[参阅文献]

[1] Linossi EM,Babon JJ,Hilton DJ,et al.Suppression of cytokine signaling:the SOCS perspective[J].Cytokine Growth Factor Rev,2013,24(3):241-248.

[2] Wan X,Zhao J,Xie J.Effects of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel on protein kinase C pathway and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation in asthma[J].J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci,2012,32(4):480-484.

[3] 邱晨,李娜.滑润肌细胞培育办法讨论[J].广东医学,2008,29(11):1791-1793.

[4] Damera G,Tliba O,Penattieri RA Jr.Airway smooth muscle as an immunomodulatory cell[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2009,22(5):353-359.

[5] Prakash YS.Airway smooth muscle in airway reactivity and remodeling:what have we learned[J]Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol,2013,305(12):L912-933.

[6] Xia YC,Redhu NS,Moir LM,et al.Pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions of airway smooth muscle:emerging concepts[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2013,26(1):64-74.

[7] Hirota JA,Nguyen TT,Schaafsma D,et al.Airway smooth muscle in asthma:phenotye plasticity and fanction[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2009,22(5),370-378.

[8] Malerba M,Radaeli A,Mancuso S,et al.The potential therapeutic role of potassium channel modulators in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J].J Biol Regul Homeost Agents,2010,24(2):123-130.

[9] Yoshimura A,Suzuki M,Sakaguchi R,et al.SOCS,Inflammation,and Autoimmunity[J].Front Immunol,2012,3:20.

[10] Babon JJ,Kershaw NJ,Murphy JM,et al.Suppression of cytokine signaling by SOCS3:characterization of the mode of inhibition and the basis of its specificity[J].Immunity,2012,36(2):239-250.

[11] Kolesnik TB,Nicholson SE.Analysis of Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling (SOCS) gene expression by real-time quantitative PCR[J].Methods Mol Biol,2013,967:235-248.

[12] Babon JJ,Nicola NA.The biology and mechanism of action of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3[J].Growth Factors,2012,30(4):207-219.

[13] Palmer DC,Restifo NP.Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) in T cell differentiation,maturation,and function[J].Trends Immunol,2009,30(12):592-602.

[14] Zhang JG,Nicholson SE.Detection of endogenous SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis [J].Methods Mol Biol,2013,967:249-259.

[15] Daegelmann C,Herberth G,Rder S,et al.Association between suppressors of cytokine signalling,T-helper type 1/T-helper type 2 balance and allergic sensitization in children[J].Clin Exp Allergy,2008,38(3):438-448.

[16] Nakaya M,Hamano S,Kawasumi M,et al.Aberrant IL-4 production by SOCS3-over-expressing T cells during infection with Leishmania major exacerbates disease manifestations[J].Int Immunol,2011,23(3):195-202.

[17] Tang JF,Guan SH,Wang ZG.Roles of interleukin-10 differentiated dendritic cell of allergic asthma patients in T-lymphocyte proliferation in vitro[J].Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi,2012,92(40):2851-2854.

(收稿日期;2014-06-05 本文修改:郭静娟)

[参阅文献]

[1] Linossi EM,Babon JJ,Hilton DJ,et al.Suppression of cytokine signaling:the SOCS perspective[J].Cytokine Growth Factor Rev,2013,24(3):241-248.

[2] Wan X,Zhao J,Xie J.Effects of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channel on protein kinase C pathway and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation in asthma[J].J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci,2012,32(4):480-484.

[3] 邱晨,李娜.滑润肌细胞培育办法讨论[J].广东医学,2008,29(11):1791-1793.

[4] Damera G,Tliba O,Penattieri RA Jr.Airway smooth muscle as an immunomodulatory cell[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2009,22(5):353-359.

[5] Prakash YS.Airway smooth muscle in airway reactivity and remodeling:what have we learned[J]Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol,2013,305(12):L912-933.

[6] Xia YC,Redhu NS,Moir LM,et al.Pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions of airway smooth muscle:emerging concepts[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2013,26(1):64-74.

[7] Hirota JA,Nguyen TT,Schaafsma D,et al.Airway smooth muscle in asthma:phenotye plasticity and fanction[J].Pulm Pharmacol Ther,2009,22(5),370-378.

[8] Malerba M,Radaeli A,Mancuso S,et al.The potential therapeutic role of potassium channel modulators in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J].J Biol Regul Homeost Agents,2010,24(2):123-130.

[9] Yoshimura A,Suzuki M,Sakaguchi R,et al.SOCS,Inflammation,and Autoimmunity[J].Front Immunol,2012,3:20.

[10] Babon JJ,Kershaw NJ,Murphy JM,et al.Suppression of cytokine signaling by SOCS3:characterization of the mode of inhibition and the basis of its specificity[J].Immunity,2012,36(2):239-250.

[11] Kolesnik TB,Nicholson SE.Analysis of Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling (SOCS) gene expression by real-time quantitative PCR[J].Methods Mol Biol,2013,967:235-248.

[12] Babon JJ,Nicola NA.The biology and mechanism of action of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3[J].Growth Factors,2012,30(4):207-219.

[13] Palmer DC,Restifo NP.Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) in T cell differentiation,maturation,and function[J].Trends Immunol,2009,30(12):592-602.

[14] Zhang JG,Nicholson SE.Detection of endogenous SOCS1 and SOCS3 proteins by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis [J].Methods Mol Biol,2013,967:249-259.

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(收稿日期;2014-06-05 本文修改:郭静娟)

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