肝细胞癌:miR-331-3p在肝细胞癌中表达的研讨

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中国当代医药
2019年09月18日 17:02

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[摘要] 意图 运用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技能检测miR-331-3p在肝癌细胞株和肝癌安排中的表达,评论其在肝癌中表达的临床含义及潜在临床价值。 办法 选用依据2-ΔΔCt的qRT-PCR检测miR-331-3p在正常肝细胞株(HL-7702)、不同侵袭搬运才能的肝癌细胞株(HepG2、MHCC97-H、HCCLM3)的表达,一起搜集5例正常肝安排、30例肝癌安排及癌旁安排,进行定量剖析,并剖析miR-331-3p与肝癌患者临床病理特征的联系。 成果 与正常肝细胞株比较,miR-331-3p在肝癌细胞株中表达下调,且跟着肝癌细胞株侵袭搬运程度添加,其表达下调越显着(P<0.05);与正常肝安排比较,肝癌安排中miR-331-3p有不同程度的表达下调(P<0.05),且与肝癌患者肿瘤多发结节(P=0.036)、低分解程度(P=0.035)以及伴有静脉滋润(P=0.016)等临床病理特征相关。 定论 miR-331-3p在肝癌的发作、展开过程可能发挥重要效果,miR-331-3p有望成为肝癌新的生物标志物或预后因子。

[关键词] miRNA;miR-331-3p;肝细胞癌;临床病理特征

[中图分类号] R735.7[文献标识码] A[文章编号] 1674-4721(2014)06(b)-0004-04

Study on the expression of miR-331-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma

HE Jun WEN Wu* CHEN Guo-dong DING Cheng-ming HUANG Qiu-lin HE Geng-sheng▲

Department of General Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China

[Abstract] Objective To detect the expression of miR-331-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and investigate the significance and potential clinical value of miR-331-3p in HCC. Methods 2-ΔΔCt method was used for qRT-PCR of the expression pattern of miR-331-3p in normal human liver cell line HL-7702 and different invasion and metastasis of HCC cell lines (HepG2,MHCC97-H,HCCLM3),meanwhile,5 normal liver tissues,30 HCC and adjacent tissues were selected,and the relationship between the expression of miR-331-3p and the clinicopathological characteristics of HCC was analyzed. Results Compared with normal liver cell line,hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines showed miR-331-3p down-regulation,and with the increase of the degree of invasion and metastasis,the more obvious its down-regulation (P<0.05).Compared with normal liver tissues,the HCC tissues showed significant miR-331-3p down-regulation (P<0.05),and it was related to multiple tumor nodules (P=0.036),low differentiation (P=0.035),and venous invasion (P=0.016). Conclusion In the process of the occurrence and development of HCC,miR-331-3p may play an important role,it is expected to become the new biomarker or prognostic factor of HCC.

[Key words] miRNA;miR-331-3p;Hepatocellular carcinoma;Clinical pathological features

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是一种病死率高、生存期短的消化系统恶性肿瘤,在全球HCC每年新增病例国家中,我国排在第1位,占全球总发病率的50%,西方国家发病率虽不高但却在逐年递加[1],关于有时机行手术切除的HCC患者,术后5年复发率仍可高达50%~70%[2]。

miRNA是一类由长度为18~25个核苷酸(nt)组成的单链非编码小RNA分子,其在真核生物中广泛存在,具有高度遗传稳定性。初始的miRNA转录产品在核糖核酸酶Drosha和Dicer1进行剪接,然后展开成为老练的miRNA[3],后者完成基因调控的效果机制首要经过与靶基因mRNA的3′UTR结合而使mRNA降解或按捺其翻译,由此miRNA能够经过癌基因和抑癌基因的相互效果对肿瘤的发作、凋亡和侵袭搬运进行调控,然后影响肿瘤患者的预后。某些miRNA在肿瘤安排表达具有特异性,且在肿瘤的发作、展开中发挥了非常重要的调控效果[4-5]。miR-331-3p作为miRNA宗族中一员,现在在肿瘤的相关研讨中miR-331-3p的研讨相对较少,少数研讨成果显现miR-331-3p在胃癌[6]、前列腺癌[7]、白血病[8]等恶性肿瘤发作、展开过程中发挥着重要效果。但是miR-331-3p在HCC中的相关研讨较少,因而本研讨开始评论miR-331-3p在HCC中的表达状况,以期为miRNA在HCC中发挥的效果供给新的依据,一起为HCC的生物学确诊和医治供给新的依据。

1 材料与办法

1.1 试剂和仪器

DMEM高糖培育基购自Hyclone公司,胎牛血清购自北京康为公司。miR-331-3p及RNA U6引物由广州锐博生物公司组成。Trizol试剂购自Invitrogen公司,逆转录试剂盒购自promega公司,SYBR Green PCR Master Mix试剂盒购自TAKARA公司。氯仿、异丙醇、无水乙醇等试剂均为进口分装或国产剖析纯。Nanodrop2000/2000C分光光度计(Thermo公司)和稳压电泳仪(上海天能)。

1.2 细胞培育

HL-7702细胞、MHCC97-H细胞及HCCLM3细胞来历于中科院上海细胞研讨所,HepG2细胞由南华大学心血管疾病研讨所试验室供给。用含10%的胎牛血清的DMEM培育液,置于含5%CO2、37℃、饱和湿度条件下的培育箱中培育。

1.3 标本来历

选取2011年11月~2013年7月在南华大学隶属榜首医院普外科、肿瘤外科及湘雅二医院普外科行手术切除术的HCC安排标本共30例,男性24例,女人6例,年纪32~81岁,中位年纪56岁。HCC安排:取自实性癌中未坏死的区域。癌旁安排:间隔癌灶边际2 cm的安排。选取肝血管瘤及肝外伤行肝切除患者的正常肝脏安排5例。一切病例术前均未放化疗,安排性质均经病理学证明。手术切除的安排标本离体后敏捷置入液氮冷冻,之后搬运至-80℃冰箱中保存备用。搜集HCC患者的一般信息及临床病理材料,如性别、年纪、有无肝硬化、术前血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)值、肿瘤直径、肿瘤结节数目、有无包膜、肿瘤分解程度以及有无静脉滋润等,并依据以上临床病理特征进行逐个分组。

1.4 总RNA提取

依照TRIzol试剂(Invitrogen公司)操作说明书的过程,别离提取出细胞及安排标本的总RNA,紫外分光光度计评价 RNA的浓度和纯度。一切RNA样品置-80℃保存备用。

1.5 逆转录

RNA逆转录取得cDNA(依据Promega公司M-MLV操作说明书进行),RT反响程序为:42℃ 60 min,70℃ 10 min。逆转录反响完毕后立行将cDNA产品取出,快速置冰上冷却,置-80℃备用。

1.6 qPCR检测

依据TAKARA公司SYBR Master Mixture操作说明书进行,且每个样本重复3次独立试验。反响条件95℃ 10 min,之后95℃ 30 s,60℃ 30 s,45个循环(引物序列见表1)。扩增反响在实时荧光定量PCR仪TP800(TAKARA公司)上进行。miR-331-3p的相对定量以RNA U6为内对照,计算公式为2-ΔΔCt。

1.7 统计学处理

运用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计剖析。计量材料为正态分布的,用均数±标准差(x±s)标明。两个独立样本组间表达差异运用Mann-Whitney U查验,选用GraphPad Prism 5.0软件制作直方图。

2 成果

2.1 RNA浓度测定

细胞及安排样品A260/A280在1.8~2.0之间,RNA纯度较高,无DNA、蛋白质等污染。

2.2 miR-331-3p在正常肝细胞株及肝癌细胞株中的表达

miR-331-3p在3株不同侵袭搬运才能的人肝癌细胞株HCCLM3、MHCC97-H、HepG2中的表达量别离为0.303±0.029、0.377±0.036、1.001±0.049,显着低于在正常肝细胞株HL-7702中的表达量1.698±0.047,各组间差异有统计学含义(P<0.05),且跟着肝癌细胞侵袭搬运程度的添加,其表达下调越显着(图1)。

图1 各细胞株miR-331-3p的相对表达水平

与MHCC97-H细胞株比较,*P<0.05;与HepG2细胞株比较,#P<0.05;与HL-7702细胞株比较,△P<0.05

2.3 miR-331-3p在正常肝安排、癌旁安排、肝癌安排中的表达

miR-331-3p在肝癌安排的表达为0.792±0.188,显着低于正常安排及癌旁安排(8.325±0635、1.696±0.532),各组间差异有统计学含义(P<0.05)(图2)。

图2各标本miR-331-3p的相对表达水平

与癌旁安排比较,*P<0.05;与正常肝安排比较,#P<0.05

2.4 miR-331-3p与肝癌患者临床病理的相关性

miR-331-3p在肿瘤多发结节、低分解以及伴有静脉滋润的肝癌患者安排样本中的表达显着低于单个结节(P=0.036)、高-中分解(P=0.035)、无静脉滋润(P=0.016)的肝癌安排。miR-331-3p表达与患者的性别、年纪、AFP值、有无肝硬化、肿瘤直径以及有无包膜无显着相关性(P>0.05)(表2)。

3 评论

肝癌是人类最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其多在肝硬化的基础上构成[9],已知风险要素还包含HBV和HCV感染、黄曲霉毒素B1、缓慢酒精性肝病以及营养不良等很多原因[10]。这些风险要素,影响肝癌的发作、展开过程。

miRNA是一类广泛存在于真核生物中的非编码调控小RNA分子,它的首要生物学功用是对基因表达进行转录后调控,进而参加细胞的成长、增殖、凋亡、分解等多种生物学进程[11]。很多的依据标明,miRNA的反常表达与许多肿瘤的发作密切相关,其可能作为一种新式的分子靶标在肿瘤的发作、展开中发挥相似癌基因和抑癌基因的效果[12-15]。

miRNA可作为一种癌基因,下调抑癌基因的活性,进而影响肿瘤的成长。Song等[16]的研讨发现,转染miR-21的细胞侵袭细胞数目与对照组比较显着添加,而转染抗miR-21的细胞则显着下降。Segura等[17]发现,高表达的miR-182有促进黑色素瘤细胞在体内外搬运的潜能,而下调miR-182则可避免细胞的侵袭和搬运,并诱导细胞凋亡。miRNA也可作为一种抑癌基因,下调原癌基因的活性,进而影响肿瘤的成长。有研讨标明[18],let-7经过效果于MHY9基因按捺胃癌细胞在试管内侵袭搬运。Wiggins等[19]发现miR-34a能按捺缺少p53功用的肿瘤细胞成长和侵袭搬运。

miR-331-3p作为miRNA宗族中一员,在多个肿瘤及生理过程中均发挥重要效果。Wang等[20]经过对90个永生化淋巴母细胞系366种miRNAs和14174mRNAs之间相关剖析研讨发现,miR-331-3p与细胞周期相关。Hosako等[21]在p53缺失的小鼠中发现miR-331-3p的表达有显着的改动,p53的缺失会导致胚胎中的颅脑变形,这种胚胎形态学的改动可能与miR-331-3p的反常表达有关。De Martino等[22]研讨发现miR-331-3p在缺失了HMGA1蛋白的鼠胚胎成纤维细胞中出现低表达,miR-331-3p受HMGA1调控,预示miR-331-3p参加了HMGA1所调控的生物途径并发挥相应的生物学功用。

本文体外研讨成果显现,肝癌细胞株中miR-331-3p的表达显着低于正常肝细胞株,且跟着肝癌细胞侵袭搬运程度的添加,其表达下调越显着。一起,临床肝癌安排标本的检测发现,miR-331-3p在肝癌安排的表达显着低于正常肝安排及癌旁安排,提示miR-331-3p表达下调参加了肝癌的发作,miR-331-3p在肝癌发作中可能起着负调控的效果。进一步剖析肝癌中miR-331-3p表达与临床病理特征的联系,其与肝癌患者肿瘤多发结节、低分解程度以及伴有静脉滋润等临床病理特征相关,提示miR-331-3p低表达可能促进了肝癌细胞侵袭性的生物学行为。而miR-331-3p表达与性别、年纪、AFP值、有无肝硬化、肿瘤直径以及有无包膜均无显着相关性。

在肝癌的发作、展开过程中miR-331-3p怎么发挥生物学效果,其详细机制是什么,这些还有待于后续研讨。展开对miR-331-3p的功用学研讨,有望进一步说明肝癌的发病机制,一起有望为肝癌的生物学确诊、个体化医治、预后判别供给重要的理论依据和新的分子靶点。

[参考文献]

[1]Jemal A,Bray F,Center MM,et al.Global cancer statistics[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2011,61(2):69-90.

[2]Verslype C,Van Cutsem E,Dicato M,et al.The management of hepatocellular carcinoma.Current expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 10th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer,Barcelona,2008[J].Ann Oncol,2009,20(Suppl 7):vii1-vii6.

[3]Lujambio A,Lowe SW.The microcosmos of cancer[J].Nature,2012,482(7385):347-355.

[4]Winter J,Jung S,Keller S,et al.Many roads to maturity:microRNA biogenesis pathways and their regulation[J].Nat Cell Biol,2009,11(3):228-234.

[5]Petri A,Lindow M,Kauppinen S.MicroRNA silencing in primates:towards development of novel therapeutics[J].Cancer Res,2009,69(2):393-395.

[6]Guo X,Guo L,Ji J,et al.miRNA-331-3p directly targets E2F1 and induces growth arrest in human gastric cancer[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2010,398(1):1-6.

[7]Epis MR,Giles KM,Barker A,et al.miR-331-3p regulates ERBB-2 expression and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer[J].J Biol Chem,2009,284(37):24696-24704.

[8]Zanette DL,Rivadavia F,Molfetta GA,et al.miRNA expression profiles in chronic lymphocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia[J].Braz J Med Biol Res,2007,40(11):1435-1440.

[9]Schuppan D,Afdhal NH.Liver cirrhosis[J].Lancet,2008, 371(9615):838-851.

[10]Gomaa AI,Khan SA,Toledano MB,et al.Hepatocellular carcinoma:epidemiology,risk factors and pathogenesis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2008,14(27):4300-4308.

[11]Bartel DP.MicroRNAs:genomics,biogenesis,mechanism and function[J].Cell,2004,116(2):281-297.

[12]Shenouda SK,Alahari SK.MicroRNA function in cancer:oncogene or a tumor suppressor?[J].Cancer Metastasis Rev,2009,28(3-4):369-378.

[13]Ueda R,Kohanbash G,Sasaki K,et al.Dicer-regulated microRNAs 222 and 339 promote resistance of cancer cells to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes by down-regulation of ICAM-1[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2009,106(26):10746-10751.

[14]Ma L,Teruya-Feldstein J,Weinberg RA.Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast cancer[J].Nature,2007,449(7163):682-688.

[15]Gebeshuber CA,Zatloukal K,Martinez J.miR-29a suppresses tristetraprolin,which is a regulator of epithelial polarity and metastasis[J].EMBO Rep,2009,10(4):400-405.

[16]Song B,Wang C,Liu J,et al.MicroRNA-21 regulates breast cancer invasion partly by targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 expression[J].J Exp Clin Cancer Res,2010,29(1):29.

[17]Segura MF,Hanniford D,Menendez S,et al.Aberrant miR-182 expression promotes melanoma metastasis by repressing FOXO3 and microphthalmia-associatedtranscription factor[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2009,106(6):1814-1819.

[18]Liang S,He L,Zhao X,et al.MicroRNA let-7f inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis by targeting MYH9 in human gastric cancer[J].PLoS One,2011,6(4):e18409.

[19]Wiggins JF,Ruffino L,Kelnar K,et al.Development of a lung cancer therapeutic based on the tumor suppressor microRNA-34[J].Cancer Res,2010,70(14):5923-5930.

[20]Wang L,Oberg AL,Asmann YW,et al.Genome-wide transcriptional profiling reveals microRNA-correlated genes and biological processes in human lymphoblastoid cell lines[J].PLoS One,2009,4(6):e5878.

[21]Hosako H,Martin GS,Barrier M,et al.Gene and microRNA expression in p53-deficient day 8.5 mouse embryos[J].Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol,2009,85(6):546-555.

[22]De Martino I,Visone R,Fedele M,et al.Regulation of microRNA expression by HMGA1 proteins[J].Oncogene,2009, 28(11):1432-1442.

(收稿日期:2014-03-12本文修改:郭静娟)

[参考文献]

[1]Jemal A,Bray F,Center MM,et al.Global cancer statistics[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2011,61(2):69-90.

[2]Verslype C,Van Cutsem E,Dicato M,et al.The management of hepatocellular carcinoma.Current expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 10th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer,Barcelona,2008[J].Ann Oncol,2009,20(Suppl 7):vii1-vii6.

[3]Lujambio A,Lowe SW.The microcosmos of cancer[J].Nature,2012,482(7385):347-355.

[4]Winter J,Jung S,Keller S,et al.Many roads to maturity:microRNA biogenesis pathways and their regulation[J].Nat Cell Biol,2009,11(3):228-234.

[5]Petri A,Lindow M,Kauppinen S.MicroRNA silencing in primates:towards development of novel therapeutics[J].Cancer Res,2009,69(2):393-395.

[6]Guo X,Guo L,Ji J,et al.miRNA-331-3p directly targets E2F1 and induces growth arrest in human gastric cancer[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2010,398(1):1-6.

[7]Epis MR,Giles KM,Barker A,et al.miR-331-3p regulates ERBB-2 expression and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer[J].J Biol Chem,2009,284(37):24696-24704.

[8]Zanette DL,Rivadavia F,Molfetta GA,et al.miRNA expression profiles in chronic lymphocytic and acute lymphocytic leukemia[J].Braz J Med Biol Res,2007,40(11):1435-1440.

[9]Schuppan D,Afdhal NH.Liver cirrhosis[J].Lancet,2008, 371(9615):838-851.

[10]Gomaa AI,Khan SA,Toledano MB,et al.Hepatocellular carcinoma:epidemiology,risk factors and pathogenesis[J].World J Gastroenterol,2008,14(27):4300-4308.

[11]Bartel DP.MicroRNAs:genomics,biogenesis,mechanism and function[J].Cell,2004,116(2):281-297.

[12]Shenouda SK,Alahari SK.MicroRNA function in cancer:oncogene or a tumor suppressor?[J].Cancer Metastasis Rev,2009,28(3-4):369-378.

[13]Ueda R,Kohanbash G,Sasaki K,et al.Dicer-regulated microRNAs 222 and 339 promote resistance of cancer cells to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes by down-regulation of ICAM-1[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2009,106(26):10746-10751.

[14]Ma L,Teruya-Feldstein J,Weinberg RA.Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast cancer[J].Nature,2007,449(7163):682-688.

[15]Gebeshuber CA,Zatloukal K,Martinez J.miR-29a suppresses tristetraprolin,which is a regulator of epithelial polarity and metastasis[J].EMBO Rep,2009,10(4):400-405.

[16]Song B,Wang C,Liu J,et al.MicroRNA-21 regulates breast cancer invasion partly by targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 expression[J].J Exp Clin Cancer Res,2010,29(1):29.

[17]Segura MF,Hanniford D,Menendez S,et al.Aberrant miR-182 expression promotes melanoma metastasis by repressing FOXO3 and microphthalmia-associatedtranscription factor[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2009,106(6):1814-1819.

[18]Liang S,He L,Zhao X,et al.MicroRNA let-7f inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis by targeting MYH9 in human gastric cancer[J].PLoS One,2011,6(4):e18409.

[19]Wiggins JF,Ruffino L,Kelnar K,et al.Development of a lung cancer therapeutic based on the tumor suppressor microRNA-34[J].Cancer Res,2010,70(14):5923-5930.

[20]Wang L,Oberg AL,Asmann YW,et al.Genome-wide transcriptional profiling reveals microRNA-correlated genes and biological processes in human lymphoblastoid cell lines[J].PLoS One,2009,4(6):e5878.

[21]Hosako H,Martin GS,Barrier M,et al.Gene and microRNA expression in p53-deficient day 8.5 mouse embryos[J].Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol,2009,85(6):546-555.

[22]De Martino I,Visone R,Fedele M,et al.Regulation of microRNA expression by HMGA1 proteins[J].Oncogene,2009, 28(11):1432-1442.

(收稿日期:2014-03-12本文修改:郭静娟)

[参考文献]

[1]Jemal A,Bray F,Center MM,et al.Global cancer statistics[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2011,61(2):69-90.

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(收稿日期:2014-03-12本文修改:郭静娟)

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