大肠息肉:窄带成像技能在大肠息肉确诊中的临床使用

医美
中国现代医生
2018年11月22日 19:55

陈慧芳 刘志军 刘微

[摘要] 意图 评论窄带成像技能在大肠息肉确诊中的临床价值。 办法 2010年1月~2013年6月惯例结肠镜发现88例110个直结肠息肉样病变,运用窄带及扩大内镜调查其腺管开口类型,研讨其与病理组织学的联系。成果 NBI扩大内镜对结肠肿瘤性病变的确诊契合率为91.8%,敏感性为91.4%,特异性为92.0%,精确性优于一般内镜,但差异无统计学含义。 定论 运用窄带及扩大内镜调查结肠息肉的腺管开口类型,对息肉样病变的肿瘤性、非肿瘤性可更好地辨别,挨近病理学查看。

[关键词] 窄带成像;大肠息肉;临床运用

[中图分类号] R735.34 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)23-0149-03

[Abstract] Objective To approach the efficacy of narrow-band imaging(NBI) in colonic polyps. Methods All 110 colonic polyps of 88 patients were discovered by conventional colonoscopy from January 2010 to June 2013. The pit pattern were observed by NBI and magnifying endoscope,and analyzed the relation of the pit pattern and histopathology. Results The diagnose accordance rate of NBI and magnifying endoscope in colonic polyps was 91.8%,sensitivity was 91.4%,specificity was 92.0%,accuracy was better than ordinary endoscope, but had no statisticantly different. Conclusion NBI is superior to conventional colonoscopy in differentiation between neoplasm and non-neoplasm by observing the pit pattern.

[Key words] NBI magnifying endoscope;Colonic polyps;Clinical application

结肠镜查看可发现大肠癌、大肠肿瘤性息肉及非肿瘤性息肉,而大部分大肠癌由结肠息肉演化而来,结肠镜下息肉切除术可有效地削减结肠癌死亡率[1]。内镜窄带成像技能(narrow band imaging,NBI)的杰出优势在于对消化道黏膜外表纤细形状的明晰显现,可使一些一般内镜难以发现的病灶突显出来,有助于进步消化道癌及其癌前病变的检出率[2]。本文咱们对2010年1月~2013年6月发现的结肠息肉运用窄带及扩大技能进行调查其腺管开口类型(pit pattern),研讨其与病理组织学的联系,现总结如下。

1材料与办法

1.1临床材料

2010年1月~2013年6月惯例结肠镜发现88例110个直结肠息肉样病变,其中男58例,女30例,年纪24~85岁,均匀(56.6±15.12)岁。临床表现包含便血、腹泻、腹痛、便秘、消瘦和血癌胚抗原(CEA)升高级。

1.2查看办法

1.2.1 器械 一切患者均选用Olympus GIF H260Z扩大结肠镜与NBI形式查看。

1.2.2 术前预备 术前当天4 h口服50%硫酸镁100 mL及口服补液盐1000~1500 mL做肠道清洁预备。

1.2.3 点评规范 腺管分型选用工藤Kudo分类办法[3],分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、ⅢS、ⅢL、Ⅳ及Ⅴ型。将Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型腺管开口判别为非肿瘤性病变,Ⅲ、Ⅳ及Ⅴ型腺管开口界说为肿瘤性病变。

1.2.4 病变终究确诊规范 根据病理组织学确诊。

1.3统计学办法

运用SPSS13.0统计学软件进行数据处理。计数材料选用多组间χ2查验,P<0.05为差异有统计学含义。

2 成果

2.1 结肠息肉腺管开口类型与病理组织学的联系

110枚息肉运用NBI扩大结肠镜调查,按腺管开口类型挂号,并活检送病理组织学查看(表1、图1)。

3 评论

结肠癌是一种常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,结肠镜查看能够削减结肠癌的死亡率,惯例内镜附加NBI功用可对黏膜外表形状、黏膜微血管的清楚显像,特别是加上NBI技能对血管的清楚显像才干,能显着进步内镜医生对肿瘤的前期辨认[4]。Ikematsu H等[5]随机将患者分两组先后运用NBI结肠镜及一般结肠镜查看比较发现,NBI结肠镜不能进步腺瘤性息肉的发现率,标明运用NBI技能对患者肠道息肉发现率无显着改动,所以NBI技能不发起运用于惯例肠镜查看,但有助于肠道息肉性质的断定。

病理学将结直肠黏膜息肉样病变分为肿瘤性和非肿瘤性息肉,以往辨别息肉需经内镜活检行病理学查看,需求数天才干取得成果,因而临床需求能根据内镜下形状学改变判别病变性质。上世纪90年代Kudo等[3,6]清晰了扩大内镜下大肠黏膜腺管开口的5个分型:Ⅰ型为圆形,常见于正常黏膜;Ⅱ型为星芒状或乳头状开口,较正常腺管开口变大,常见于增生性病变; Ⅲ型分为 L型和 S 型两个亚型,前者腺管开口呈管状或类圆形,较正常腺管开口大,常见于腺瘤,多为拱起性病变;后者腺管开口呈管状或类圆形,较正常腺管开口小,常见于腺瘤或前期结肠癌。Ⅳ型腺管开口呈分支状、脑回状或沟回状,常见于绒毛状腺瘤;V型分为Ⅰ型和 N型两个亚型,前者腺管开口摆放不规则,巨细不均,常见于前期结肠癌;后者腺管开口消失或无结构,多为滋润癌。将Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型腺管开口判别为非肿瘤性病变,Ⅲ、Ⅳ及Ⅴ型腺管开口界说为肿瘤性病变。endprint

本研讨成果标明,选用工藤Kudo分类办法进行腺管分型,腺管分型对病变性质的判别与病理确诊有较高的一致性,精确率达91.8%,能较精确判别病变的性质,敏感性为91.4%,特异性为92.0%,精确性优于一般肠镜查看,与文献报导类似[7-9],阐明NBI对判别病变是否为肿瘤性病变有很高的精确性、敏感度和特异性,对肿瘤性病变判别精确率高。一起Wu L等[10]指出NBI结肠镜经过调查息肉的血管纹路及黏膜开口对肿瘤性息肉具有很高的精确确诊性。尽管NBI对肿瘤性病变判别精确率高,但仍不能替代病理查看,现在染色扩大内镜及共聚集显微内镜对肠道息肉性质的辨认也是研讨抢手。Shahid MW等[11]研讨指出共聚集显微内镜比NBI内镜对猜测小息肉病理类型有更高的敏感性,但没有NBI特异性强,联合运用可进步病理确诊契合率。

NBI操作简洁,在惯例内镜查看发现病变后,用NBI形式调查病变外表的腺管结构形状,关于结肠息肉样病变的肿瘤、非肿瘤,结肠腺瘤及结肠癌的辨别具有很好的确诊才干,但仍需求更多的研讨,尚不能替代病理查看,联合多种内镜查看技能可进步病理确诊契合率。

[参考文献]

[1] Zauber AG, Winawer SJ, OBrien MJ,et al. Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths[J]. N Engl J Med,2012,366:687-696.

[2] 高孝忠,褚衍六,乔秀美,等. 内镜窄带成像技能在前期胃癌及异型增生确诊中的运用[J]. 中华消化内镜杂志,2009,26:134-137.

[3] Kudo S,Tamura S,Nakajima T,et al. Diagnosis of colorectal tumorous lesions by magnifying endoscopy[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,1996,44:8-14.

[4] East JE,Tan EK,Bergman JJ,et al. Meta-analysis:Narrow band imaging for lesion characterization in the colon,oesophagus,duodenal ampulla and lung[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2008,28(7):854.

[5] Ikematsu H,Saito Y,Tanaka S,et al. The impact of narrow band imaging for colon polyp detection:A multicenter randomized controlled trial by tandem colonoscopy[J]. J Gastroenterol,2012,47(10):1099-1107.

[6] Kudo S, Kashida H, Nakajima T,et al. Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer[J]. World J Surg,1997,2l(7):694-701.

[7] Mc Gill SK,Evanqelou E,Loannidis JP,et al. Narrow band imaging to differentiate neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal polyps in real time:A meta-analysis of diagnostic operating characteristics[J]. Gut,2013,62(12):1704-1713.

[8] Hewett DG,Huffman ME,Rex DK. Leaving distal colorectal hyperplastic polyps in place can be achieved with high accuracy by using narrow-band imaging:An observational study[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,2012,76(2):374-380.

[9] Kato S,Fu KI,Sano Y,et al. Magnifying colonoscopy as a non-biopsy technique for differnerial diagnosis of non-neplastic and neoplastic lesions[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12:1416-1420.

[10] Wu L,Li Y,Li Z,et al. Diagnostic accuracy of narrow-band imaging for the differentiation of neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal polyps:A meta-analysis[J]. Colorectal Dis,2013,15(1):3-11.

[11] Shahid MW,Buchner AM,Heckman MG, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and narrow band imaging for small colorectal polyps:A feasibility study[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2012, 107(2):231-239.

(收稿日期:2014-04-16)endprint

本研讨成果标明,选用工藤Kudo分类办法进行腺管分型,腺管分型对病变性质的判别与病理确诊有较高的一致性,精确率达91.8%,能较精确判别病变的性质,敏感性为91.4%,特异性为92.0%,精确性优于一般肠镜查看,与文献报导类似[7-9],阐明NBI对判别病变是否为肿瘤性病变有很高的精确性、敏感度和特异性,对肿瘤性病变判别精确率高。一起Wu L等[10]指出NBI结肠镜经过调查息肉的血管纹路及黏膜开口对肿瘤性息肉具有很高的精确确诊性。尽管NBI对肿瘤性病变判别精确率高,但仍不能替代病理查看,现在染色扩大内镜及共聚集显微内镜对肠道息肉性质的辨认也是研讨抢手。Shahid MW等[11]研讨指出共聚集显微内镜比NBI内镜对猜测小息肉病理类型有更高的敏感性,但没有NBI特异性强,联合运用可进步病理确诊契合率。

NBI操作简洁,在惯例内镜查看发现病变后,用NBI形式调查病变外表的腺管结构形状,关于结肠息肉样病变的肿瘤、非肿瘤,结肠腺瘤及结肠癌的辨别具有很好的确诊才干,但仍需求更多的研讨,尚不能替代病理查看,联合多种内镜查看技能可进步病理确诊契合率。

[参考文献]

[1] Zauber AG, Winawer SJ, OBrien MJ,et al. Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths[J]. N Engl J Med,2012,366:687-696.

[2] 高孝忠,褚衍六,乔秀美,等. 内镜窄带成像技能在前期胃癌及异型增生确诊中的运用[J]. 中华消化内镜杂志,2009,26:134-137.

[3] Kudo S,Tamura S,Nakajima T,et al. Diagnosis of colorectal tumorous lesions by magnifying endoscopy[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,1996,44:8-14.

[4] East JE,Tan EK,Bergman JJ,et al. Meta-analysis:Narrow band imaging for lesion characterization in the colon,oesophagus,duodenal ampulla and lung[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2008,28(7):854.

[5] Ikematsu H,Saito Y,Tanaka S,et al. The impact of narrow band imaging for colon polyp detection:A multicenter randomized controlled trial by tandem colonoscopy[J]. J Gastroenterol,2012,47(10):1099-1107.

[6] Kudo S, Kashida H, Nakajima T,et al. Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer[J]. World J Surg,1997,2l(7):694-701.

[7] Mc Gill SK,Evanqelou E,Loannidis JP,et al. Narrow band imaging to differentiate neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal polyps in real time:A meta-analysis of diagnostic operating characteristics[J]. Gut,2013,62(12):1704-1713.

[8] Hewett DG,Huffman ME,Rex DK. Leaving distal colorectal hyperplastic polyps in place can be achieved with high accuracy by using narrow-band imaging:An observational study[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,2012,76(2):374-380.

[9] Kato S,Fu KI,Sano Y,et al. Magnifying colonoscopy as a non-biopsy technique for differnerial diagnosis of non-neplastic and neoplastic lesions[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12:1416-1420.

[10] Wu L,Li Y,Li Z,et al. Diagnostic accuracy of narrow-band imaging for the differentiation of neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal polyps:A meta-analysis[J]. Colorectal Dis,2013,15(1):3-11.

[11] Shahid MW,Buchner AM,Heckman MG, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and narrow band imaging for small colorectal polyps:A feasibility study[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2012, 107(2):231-239.

(收稿日期:2014-04-16)endprint

本研讨成果标明,选用工藤Kudo分类办法进行腺管分型,腺管分型对病变性质的判别与病理确诊有较高的一致性,精确率达91.8%,能较精确判别病变的性质,敏感性为91.4%,特异性为92.0%,精确性优于一般肠镜查看,与文献报导类似[7-9],阐明NBI对判别病变是否为肿瘤性病变有很高的精确性、敏感度和特异性,对肿瘤性病变判别精确率高。一起Wu L等[10]指出NBI结肠镜经过调查息肉的血管纹路及黏膜开口对肿瘤性息肉具有很高的精确确诊性。尽管NBI对肿瘤性病变判别精确率高,但仍不能替代病理查看,现在染色扩大内镜及共聚集显微内镜对肠道息肉性质的辨认也是研讨抢手。Shahid MW等[11]研讨指出共聚集显微内镜比NBI内镜对猜测小息肉病理类型有更高的敏感性,但没有NBI特异性强,联合运用可进步病理确诊契合率。

NBI操作简洁,在惯例内镜查看发现病变后,用NBI形式调查病变外表的腺管结构形状,关于结肠息肉样病变的肿瘤、非肿瘤,结肠腺瘤及结肠癌的辨别具有很好的确诊才干,但仍需求更多的研讨,尚不能替代病理查看,联合多种内镜查看技能可进步病理确诊契合率。

[参考文献]

[1] Zauber AG, Winawer SJ, OBrien MJ,et al. Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths[J]. N Engl J Med,2012,366:687-696.

[2] 高孝忠,褚衍六,乔秀美,等. 内镜窄带成像技能在前期胃癌及异型增生确诊中的运用[J]. 中华消化内镜杂志,2009,26:134-137.

[3] Kudo S,Tamura S,Nakajima T,et al. Diagnosis of colorectal tumorous lesions by magnifying endoscopy[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,1996,44:8-14.

[4] East JE,Tan EK,Bergman JJ,et al. Meta-analysis:Narrow band imaging for lesion characterization in the colon,oesophagus,duodenal ampulla and lung[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2008,28(7):854.

[5] Ikematsu H,Saito Y,Tanaka S,et al. The impact of narrow band imaging for colon polyp detection:A multicenter randomized controlled trial by tandem colonoscopy[J]. J Gastroenterol,2012,47(10):1099-1107.

[6] Kudo S, Kashida H, Nakajima T,et al. Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early colorectal cancer[J]. World J Surg,1997,2l(7):694-701.

[7] Mc Gill SK,Evanqelou E,Loannidis JP,et al. Narrow band imaging to differentiate neoplastic and non-neoplastic colorectal polyps in real time:A meta-analysis of diagnostic operating characteristics[J]. Gut,2013,62(12):1704-1713.

[8] Hewett DG,Huffman ME,Rex DK. Leaving distal colorectal hyperplastic polyps in place can be achieved with high accuracy by using narrow-band imaging:An observational study[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,2012,76(2):374-380.

[9] Kato S,Fu KI,Sano Y,et al. Magnifying colonoscopy as a non-biopsy technique for differnerial diagnosis of non-neplastic and neoplastic lesions[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2006,12:1416-1420.

[10] Wu L,Li Y,Li Z,et al. Diagnostic accuracy of narrow-band imaging for the differentiation of neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal polyps:A meta-analysis[J]. Colorectal Dis,2013,15(1):3-11.

[11] Shahid MW,Buchner AM,Heckman MG, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and narrow band imaging for small colorectal polyps:A feasibility study[J]. Am J Gastroenterol,2012, 107(2):231-239.

(收稿日期:2014-04-16)endprint

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